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Front view of the Blackstone; 2010 | |
| Location | 302 S. 36th St., Omaha, Nebraska |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 41°15′26″N95°57′59″W / 41.25722°N 95.96639°WCoordinates: 41°15′26″N95°57′59″W / 41.25722°N 95.96639°W |
| Area | 1.5 acres (0.61 ha) |
| Built | 1916[2] |
| Architect | F.W. Fitzpatrick |
| Architectural style | Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Second Renaissance Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 85000067[1] |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | January 11, 1985 |
| Designated OMAL | April 12, 1983[2] |
The Blackstone Hotel is a historic hotel located at 302 South 36th Street [3][4] in the Blackstone neighborhood of the Midtown area in Omaha, Nebraska. Built in 1915, it was declared an Omaha Landmark in 1983[2] and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
About[edit]
The Blackstone was built by the Bankers Realty Investment Company as a residential hotel in 1915. Residents generally rented by the year rather than the day and received hotel services. Although there were single room units, most were suites with six to eight rooms. Each floor had four glass sunrooms and ornate furnishings throughout.[5]
In 1920, the building was purchased by Charles Schimmel, an immigrant from Vienna. After converting the Blackstone to a regular hotel, it soon became a 'symbol of elegance' and gained a high stature nationwide as the premier hotel between Chicago and San Francisco along the Lincoln Highway. Among its amenities the hotel kept a small fleet of Pierce-Arrowlimousines for visiting dignitaries who arrived in Omaha by train and its own magazine, The Blackstonian; there were also a ballroom, rooftop gardens and award-winning restaurants. A restaurant called the Orleans Room was the Blackstone's most famous, and received Holiday Magazine's 'Award for Excellence' for 16 straight years.[6] Through the 1970s the building was one of the most successful elegant small hotels in the country.[5]
In 1968, the Radisson Hotel Corporation bought the hotel and operated it until 1976.[5] The Blackstone was renovated for use as offices in 1984 and renamed the Blackstone Center.[7]
In September 2007, Kiewit Corporation, one of five Fortune 500 companies based in Omaha, bought the Blackstone.[8] They sold the property in 2017 to Clarity Development Co. and Green Slate Development, who are restoring it as a luxury hotel, at a cost of $75 million.[9][10] It is expected to reopen in 2020[11] as the Kimpton Cottonwood Hotel. The original name can no longer be used due to legal issues.[12]
Construction[edit]
Built on a steel frame, the building is covered in brick with terra cotta detailing.[5]
Legacy[edit]
The Reuben sandwich was likely invented in Omaha by Reuben Kulakofsky. According to one version of the sandwich's disputed history, it was first introduced to the world in 1925 on a menu in one of the Blackstone's restaurants.[13]Butter brickleice cream was also first introduced to the world at the Blackstone.[6]
References[edit]
- ^'National Register Information System'. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
- ^ abcOmaha Landmarks Heritage Preservation Commission. 'Landmarks Heritage Preservation Commission – Landmarks'. ci.omaha.ne.us. Retrieved 2013-03-03.
- ^https://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2007/09/07/2919488.htm
- ^Historic images
- ^ abcdGerber, K.; Spencer, J. S. (2003). Building for the Ages: Omaha's Architectural Landmarks. Omaha: Omaha Books. p. 146. ISBN0-9745410-1-X.
- ^ ab'Blackstone Hotel'Archived 2001-11-23 at the Wayback Machine, Omaha Public Schools. Retrieved 2020-04-03.
- ^'More tax incentive program projects in Douglas County.' Nebraska State Historical Society. Retrieved 9/30/07.
- ^'Great indoors', Omaha City Weekly, Retrieved 9/31/07.
- ^https://www.cpexecutive.com/post/omahas-blackstone-hotel-the-resurrection-of-a-landmark/
- ^https://www.omaha.com/money/plus/bringing-back-an-icon-million-plan-to-revive-blackstone-hotel/article_c3350701-2ed1-52ab-bd56-c355dc87c602.html
- ^https://www.pehub.com/2019/04/mpc-backs-omahas-blackstone-hotel/#
- ^https://www.ketv.com/article/historic-blackstone-hotel-renamed-amid-dollar75-million-renovation/29842442#
- ^(nd) History of the Reuben Sandwich What's Cooking America? website. Retrieved 6/9/07
Gambling in Omaha, Nebraska has been significant throughout the city's history. From its founding in the 1850s through the 1930s, the city was known as a 'wide-open' town, meaning that gambling of all sorts was accepted either openly or in closed quarters. By the mid-20th century, Omaha reportedly had more illicit gambling per capita than any other city in the nation.[1] From the 1930s through the 1970s, the city's gambling was controlled by an Italian criminal element.[2]
Today, gambling in Omaha is limited to keno and slot machines, leaving Omahans to drive across the Missouri River to Council Bluffs, Iowa, where casinos are legal and there are numerous gambling businesses operating. Recently, a controversial proposal by the Ponca tribe of Nebraska was approved by the National Indian Gaming Commission. It will allow the tribe to build a casino in Carter Lake, Iowa, which sits geographically on the west side of the Missouri River, adjacent to Omaha, where casinos are illegal.[3]
Horseshoe Casino In Omaha Nebraska
19th century[edit]
After its founding in 1854, pioneer Omaha became the 'Gateway to the West,' as an essential stopping, restocking and 'jumping off' point for settlers, hunters and miners traveling to the Western United States.[4] The city quickly became notorious for its early gambling, with an early observer remarking that, 'Omaha was known from ocean to ocean with cards, dice, or whatever you wanted to gamble with.'[5] The city had an early history as a 'wide open' town where gambling was accepted, along with prostitution, drugs and rampant alcohol use.[6] In 1873, 'it seemed that ever lying, cheating, four-flushing, double-dealing, card-sharping, counterfeiting scoundrel who did not already hold high public office was setting up shop in the streets of Omaha.'[7] The Burnt District was an early site for much of the city's illicit activity, including gambling. Dan Allen was a pioneergambler in Omaha who had great influence throughout the young city. He was the long-time companion of Anna Wilson, the city's foremost madam for almost 40 years. Dan Allen ran a gambling house, saloon and pawn shop for more than a dozen years.[8] The notorious Canada Bill Jones worked the trains from Omaha to Kansas City, Missouri in the 1870s. An 1887 law by the Nebraska State Legislature banned gambling houses in the city, driving many gamblers underground.[9]
Starting in the 1880s, Omaha's Irishcrime lord and political bossTom Dennison created a powerful political machine that controlled all gambling, liquor and prostitution schemes in Omaha for almost 50 years. Dennison consolidated much of his operation in Omaha's Sporting District, which in addition to numerous gambling institutions, was home to 'The Cribs', which were notorious prostitution houses. Jack Broomfield, a close associate of Dennison's, was a leader of the African American community in Omaha in the early 20th century. He ran the Midway, a nationally known saloon and gambling hall at 1124 Capitol Avenue near the notorious Sporting District.[10] The Midway was formerly owned by Oscar Picketts and by Victor B. Walker.[11] Another establishment in the Sporting District was the Diamond Gambling House located at 1312 Douglas Street. The 'Big Four' Omaha gamblers in 1887, Charles Bibbins, H.B. Kennedy, Charles White and Jack Morrison, operated the facility until 1893, when it was closed by the City.[12]
The Knights of Ak-Sar-Ben was formed in 1895 in an attempt to keep the Nebraska State Fair in Omaha after receiving an ultimatum to provide entertainment 'other than saloons, gambling houses and honky tonks.' Their horse racing institution, called Ak-Sar-Ben, is credited with 'legitimizing legalized gambling' in Omaha.[13]
According to The New York Times, gamblers and representatives of gambling houses formed a syndicate which offered the organizers of the 1898 Trans-Mississippi Exposition $10,000 to allow the creation of several elaborate gambling houses on the site of the Expo. The organizers turned it down; however, development likely still happened.[14]
20th century to present[edit]
After Tom Dennison died in the early 1930s, the city's criminal gambling element came under control of Italian American mobsters.[15] Anthony Marcella became boss of Omaha's crime organization, including gambling, around in 1931. In 1959, he was convicted on charges of narcotics and tax evasion. Anthony Joseph Biase was the next boss, lasting only until the next year when he was sentenced to 15 years in prison. Afterwards, he maintained a low profile, and was never indicted again.[16]
In the 1930s and 40s, Carter Lake became a gambling hot spot, as law enforcement was limited and because of its important location. At The Chez Paree, you 'could listen to Sophie Tucker, have the best prime rib in town and enjoy a gambling raid or two.' Patrons could 'bet on any horse race in the United States,' and the business was described as 'the most active casino between Chicago and the West Coast.[17]
The liberalization of Iowa gambling laws in the late 1980s was followed by the opening of the Bluffs Run Greyhound Park in 1986. By 2005, Council Bluffs was the 19th largest casino market in the U.S., with revenue equaling nearly $434 million. Today, the city's Ameristar Casino is Iowa's largest riverboat.[18]
In 2004, Omaha state Senator Ernie Chambers and local U.S. Representative Tom Osborne co-authored an editorial opposing a set of initiatives that would have allowed casino gambling and slot machines in Nebraska.[19]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Transcript to 'Nebraska's gambling history'Archived 2008-10-14 at the Wayback Machine, Nebraska ETV. Retrieved 11/20/08.
- ^United States Congress Senate Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights. (1974) Criminal Justice Data Banks 1974: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights of the Committee on the Judiciary. Government Printing Office. p 411.
- ^'Gambling with the good life'. Retrieved 11/20/08.
- ^Transcript to 'Nebraska's gambling history'Archived 2008-10-14 at the Wayback Machine, Nebraska ETV. Retrieved 11/20/08.
- ^Federal Writers' Project Staff (1939) Nebraska: A guide to the Cornhusker state. Federal Writers' Project of the Works Progress Administration for the State of Nebraska. p. 229.
- ^Leighton, G.R. (1939) Five Cities: The Story of Their Youth and Old Age. Ayer Publishing. p. 194
- ^Bristow, D.L. (2001) A Dirty, Wicked Town: Tales of 19th Century Omaha. Caxton Press. p 108.
- ^Bristow, D.L. (2001) A Dirty, Wicked Town: Tales of 19th Century Omaha. Caxton Press. p 210.
- ^'No gambling in Omaha', The New York Times. July 4, 1887. Retrieved 11/16/08.
- ^Landmarks, Inc. (2007) 'Landmark News', Retrieved 10/06/07.
- ^Menard, Orville D. Political bossism in mid-America: Tom Dennison's Omaha, 1900-1933. University Press of America, Sep 1, 1989
- ^Federal Writers' Project Staff (1939) Nebraska: A guide to the Cornhusker state. Federal Writers' Project of the Works Progress Administration for the State of Nebraska. p. 234.
- ^(1995) 'AkSarBen and the art of power'Archived 2008-10-14 at the Wayback Machine, Statewide Interactive, Nebraska State Public Television. Retrieved 11/16/08.
- ^'Gambling in Omaha', The New York Times. December 25, 1897. Retrieved 11/16/08.
- ^United States Senate. (1951) Investigation of Organized Crime in Interstate Commerce: Hearings Before a Special Committee to Investigate Organized Crime in Interstate Commerce. United States Government Printing Office. p 54.
- ^House Committee on Government Operations Legal and Monetary Affairs Subcommittee. (1968) The Federal Effort Against Organized Crime. United States Congress.
- ^Transcript to 'Nebraska's gambling history'Archived 2008-10-14 at the Wayback Machine, Nebraska ETV. Retrieved 11/20/08.
- ^Wiesenberg, M., Nangle, E.B. (2006) The Ultimate Casino Guide: 1000 Great Casinos from America, Canada and Around the World. Sourcebooks, Inc. p 88.
- ^Ernie Chambers and Tom Osborne (Jul 1, 2004). 'Damage from casinos would be long lasting (PDF)'(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 2006-03-17. Retrieved 2006-05-24.